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ETS - Primary Studies CVD Scientific Evidence Listing

Here is the complete list of the primary studies on passive smoking and cardiovascular disease. They are all based on questionnaires on distant and unverifiable memories of exposure of decades earlier, often applied to the heirs of a deceased person. Questions such as: “I want you to remember your childhood, and how many cigarettes, pipes or cigars you were exposed to when your relatives came to visit” are the norm. Those memories are then transformed into “exact” numbers. It does not take a specialist to understand that this is wild guess and unethical science; but this is the only foundation of smoking bans all over the world.

Association of passive smoking by husbands with prevalence of stroke among Chinese women nonsmokers | Zhang S, et al.
Article Published: 2005

Details:
Risk: OR = 1.32 (95%CI 1.01-1.72) for husbands smoking 10-19 cigarettes/day
Type: Cohort
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161(3):213-218

Keywords: China, Chinese, Shangai, women, females, spousal

Further Information

Environmental tobacco smoke and prevalent coronary heart disease among never smokers in the Scottish MONICA surveys | Chen R, Tavendale R, Tunstall-Pedoe H
Article Published: 2004

Details:
Risk: Table 8.1 of CALEPA 1997 reports : “ Self-reported exposure associated with significant trends in increasing angina, diagnosed and undiagnosed CHD. Serum cotinine not well correlated.”
Type: Meta-Analysis
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: No Risk Estimate Reported

Published By: Occup Environ Med. 61(9):790-2

Keywords: Scotland, self-reporting, questionnaire

Further Information

Reduced incidence of admissions for myocardial infarction associated with public smoking ban: before and after study | Sargent, R. P.; Shepard, R. M., and Glantz, S. A.
Article Published: 2004

Details:
Risk: See "Further Information" notes
Type: Cohort
Funding Source: See "Further Information" notes
Significance: See "Further Information" notes

Published By: BMJ.328(7446):977-80

Keywords: USA, United States, Montana, Helena

Further Information

Risk stratification of coronary heart disease in Greece: Final results from the CARDIO 2000 epidemiological study | Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Christodoulos S, Toutouzas P.
Article Published: 2002

Details:
Risk: RR= 1.54 (p<0.01) from text
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: See "Further Information" notes
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Preventive Medicine 35:548-556

Keywords: Greece, Athens, males, men, females, women

Further Information

Association between passive cigarette smoking and the risk of developing acute coronary syndromes: The CARDIO2000 study | Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Chrysohoou C, Tzioumis K, Papaioannou I, Christodoulos S, Toutouzas P
Article Published: 2002

Details:
Risk: RR= 1.51 (1.21-2.99) from text
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Heart Vessel 16:127-130

Keywords: Greece, Athens, males, men, females, women

Further Information

Risk stratification of coronary heart disease through established and emerging lifestyle factors in a Mediterranean population: CARDIO 2000 epidemiological study | Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C, Chrysohoou C, Christodoulos S, Toutouzas P.
Article Published: 2001

Details:
Risk: RR= 2.12 (1.75-2.44) from text.
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Cardiovasc Risk 8:329-335

Keywords: Greece, Athens, males, men, females, women

Further Information

Environmental tobacco smoke and myocardial infarction among never- smokers in the Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program (SHEEP) | Rosenlund M, Berglind N, Gustavsson A, Reuterwall C, Hallqvist J, Nyberg F, Pershagen G
Article Published: 2001

Details:
Risk: < 20 cigarettes: RR= 1.02 (0.73-1.42) from text table 8.1, CALEPA 2004; > 20 cigarettes: RR= 1.58 (0.97-2.56) from text table 8.1, CALEPA 2004.
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Not Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Epidemiology 12(5):558-64

Keywords: Sweden, Stockholm, males, men, females, women

Further Information

Passive smoking from husband as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in women in Xi’an, China, who have never smoked | He Y, Lam TH, Li LS, Du RY, Jia GL, Huang JY, Shi QL, Zheng JS
Article Published: 2000

Details:
Risk: RR= 1.6 (0.94-2.9) from text
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: In: Tobacco the growing epidemic. Proceedings of the tenth world conference on tobacco or health. 24-28 August 1997, Beijing, China. Spinger- Verlag, Berlin 2000.

Keywords: China, Xi'an, women, females, standard questionnaire, self-reporting

Further Information

Environmental tobacco smoke and non-fatal myocardial infarction among never-smokers | Rosenlund M, Berglind N, Gustavsson A, Reutorwall C, Hallquist J, Nyberf F, Pershagen G
Article Published: 2000

Details:
Risk: RR= 1.06 (1.0-2.6) from text
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: Abstract presented to conference. No financing.
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: ABSTRACT. Twelfth Conference of the Society of Environmental Epidemiology. Buffalo, NY

Keywords: Sweden, males, females, men, women

Further Information

Passive smoking as well as active smoking increases the risk of acute stroke | Bonita R, Duncan J, Truelsen T, Jackson RT, Beaglehole R (1999)
Article Published: 1999

Details:
Risk: RR= 1.82 (1.34-2.49) from text table 8.1, CALEPA 2004
Type: Case-Control
Funding Source: see further information
Significance: Statistically Significant Positive

Published By: Tob Control 8(2):156-60

Keywords: New Zealand, Auckland, men, males, women, females, stroke

Further Information

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