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The Evidence

The scientific archive that debunks 50 years of superstitions on smoking


 
 

... AND THEY CALL THIS "SCIENCE"
The farce on the science of passive smoking

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Property Rights and the Balance of Reason:

A FORCES Position Paper


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The Theatre of the Absurd
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Søren Højbjerg
Gian Turci

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starting July 3, 2000)
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WHO SCANDAL The CD that says it all on political corruption and frauds on smoking

Special Reports

Pharmaceutical multinationals: buying governments, selling antismoking
Big Drug's Nicotine War

Awards

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January 20, 2006


Junk Science

January 20 - Consensus grows - The ends justify the means is the motto of anti-tobacco.  Their end is the elimination of tobacco, their means include oceans of "scientific" studies that blame tobacco and secondhand smoke for a mountain of dead bodies.  As time goes by all pretense of objectivity disappears while scientific standards are trashed. 

The Helena study, which claimed a short-lived smoking ban in that city reduced heart attacks, broke new ground in deception, quickly followed by the Pueblo study that lamely attempts to tie up the loose ends of the prior study.  These studies my be anti-tobacco's Waterloo.

Michael Siegel, a tobacco control advocate, has covered the Helena and Pueblo studies with a critical eye and now reports that others are echoing his doubts about the scientific validity of these studies.  As one who sympathizes with many of anti-tobacco's goals Siegel is highly concerned that shoddy research that marks these studies will boomerang, damaging the tobacco control movement.


Tobacco Taxes

January 20 - Picking smokers' pockets - We have and will be covering the attempt to tack a $2.60 tax on each pack of cigarettes sold in California as that campaign moves forward.  For now we link to commentary by San Francisco columnist Jill Stewart who has many of the same objections to this tax as we but who points out a huge problem with this tax that has as yet not been discussed.


Straightening Up Drinkers

January 20 - Warm beer - A Missouri politician authored a bill that would make it unlawful for stores to sell chilled beer.  Such a law, he says, will cut down on drunk driving since boozers will eschew the warm suds while driving.  Of course most people who buy a pack of beer want to take it home and drink it there but inconsideration is the byword of today's soft, but hardening, neo-prohibition. 

Appropriately his brainwave comes courtesy of fifth-grade student showing once again that behavior controllers operate with the emotional maturity of children.

Pro Choice Smokers Newsletter

January 20 - Latest Edition Out Now - Anti-tobacco has been very naughty in Canada and Norway as operatives and ideologues are caught with their greedy paws in the cookie jar.....Strippers hit the streets to protest New Jersey's smoking ban.  Catch these and others stories from throughout the world.  Check out tobacco and lifestyle issues in all 50 states.


South Carolina

January 20 - Smoker Power - We are pleased to link to an organization in South Carolina that is keeping its eye on tobacco issues in that state.  As legislative sessions begin for the new year every state will be face anti-tobacco legislation.  Smoker Power will keep residents informed.  As a bonus the site offers information on smoker-friendly restaurants in Charleston, truly one of America's most beautiful cities.


Discrimination

January 20 - Disturbing silence - Denying smokers employment opportunities, either by refusing to hire them or by firing them, if they smoke off the job revealed the ugliness of the anti-smoking movement that happy-faced anti-smoking operatives work hard to obscure.  Even people who really hate smoking are disturbed by the prospect of employers controlling the lawful activities of their employees while on their own time.

We at FORCES have known for a decade that anti-tobacco has no qualms in ruining people's lives if they don't bow to the dictates of militant anti-smokers and are not surprised that the anti-smoking groups are supporting such an ugly agenda either actively or by their silence.  Michael Siegel fears such callousness bodes ill for the tobacco control goals he considers legitimate and useful.

We, however, are delighted that the public is being treated to the intolerance that hides behind the benign images anti-tobacco hopes to cultivate.  We applaud the radical Action on Smoking and Health's strident press release castigating CBS news for bringing the job discrimination to the public.  Siegel finds ASH's premature criticism inappropriate and more than a little odd.


Understanding the Obvious

January 20 - How much is too much? - Although it defies belief anti-tobacco implies that smoking one or two cigarettes per day is the same as smoking a couple of packs of cigarettes each day.  Great Grandma would have a good laugh at that whopper even though she disapproved of smoking.  Wanda Hamilton lays out the facts:

A scientific truth is that the dose makes the poison. That is, The higher the dose, the worse it is; the lower the dose, the better it is. In fact, some things that could be nasty in high doses are actually beneficial in low doses.

According to the majority of the studies on active smoking, there is a dose-response. That means that for various so-called smoking-related diseases, the problem occurs most frequently in those who smoke a lot and less frequently in those who smoke less or smoke not at all. To find a lot of studies on this, you pretty much have to go back to those in the very early Surgeon General reports on smoking and health (back to 1964 and through the 1970s). These early Surgeon General reports claimed there WAS a dose/response effect, something which is considered essential by scientists who want to claim a causal effect.

The problem is that most people who smoke--even many of those who smoke heavily--do not get lung cancer, for example. But lung cancer occurs more frequently in those who smoke heavily than it does in those who smoke less or who do not smoke at all. That's called a dose/response, which counts not only how heavily one smokes, but how heavily one smokes and how many years one smokes heavily. One or two cigarettes a day isn't even on the charts. Generally the figures greater than 40 a day, greater than 20 a day and sometimes greater than 10 a day are used.

Here is one abstract of a study about heart and smoking to illustrate dose/response:

Lancet. 1978 May 20;1(8073):1087-8. Related Articles, Links

Cigarette consumption and deaths from coronary heart-disease
Bain C, Hennekens CH, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Jesse MJ.

There is a positive association between cigarette smoking and coronary heart-disease (C.H.D.). In non-fatal myocardial infarction a dose-response relation persists even after the effects of additional variables have been controlled for. The relation between cigarette consumption and deaths from C.H.D. was investigated in a matched-pair case/control study. The overall simple matched-pair risk ratio (R.R.) between current smokers and non-smokers was 1.9 (95% confidence limits 1.5-2.4). For smokers of fewer than 20 cigarettes per day, the R.R. was 1.2; at a level of 21-40 cigarettes per day, the R.R. was 2.3; and for smokers of 41+ cigarettes per day, the R.R. was 4.0. A similar relation was found after adjustment for additional variables. These results suggest that the heaviest smokers could halve their risk of death from C.H.D. by reducing their tobacco consumption to an intermediate level; and that benefit of a similar order would be experienced by smokers of 21-40 cigarettes per day who cut down to less than one pack (20 cigarettes) daily.

PMID: 77378 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Those who try to tell you that 1 to 2 cigarettes a day is very bad for you are not, scientifically speaking, being credible. The reason some people who are knowledgeable advise against such light smoking is that they believe you will start to smoke more and more until you are a pack or two pack a day smoker. But increasingly there are light smokers and occasional smokers who remain light and occasional smokers, and this is driving the anti-smokers nuts.


January 18, 2006


Propaganda

January 18 - News from Italy - Anti-tobacco and its pharmaceutical partners certainly have several feathers in their caps.  Over the past few years a few European countries have imposed smoking bans on a populace that didn't want one.  In each case anti-tobacco operatives spin the news outlets with preposterous tales of declining rates of smokers, marvelous financial gains for the hospitality industry and improving health.

Readers of these pages are aware that anti-tobacco evidence is not the same as actual evidence.  Anti-tobacco is a master of spin but looking beneath their carefully crafted press releases reveals a different story.  Gian Turci, a resident of Italy, slices and dices his way through the fantasies constructed by anti-tobacco.  What the con artists are doing in Italy is being done in every country in which anti-tobacco has a grasp.


Junk Science

January 18 - Pie in the sky claims - In an odd convergence of events two researchers have released a study that punctures the falsity that secondhand smoke causes heart disease in nonsmokers at the same time anti-tobacco is engaged in a massive campaign to build up support for imposing smoking bans by using discredited studies that link heart disease with secondhand smoke.  While most smokers and owners of bars and restaurants worry about smoking bans ruining their businesses or affecting their social lives, Michael Siegel worries about the effect aggressive, unproven claims have upon what he considers legitimate tobacco control concerns.

Evidence

January 18 - ETS and heart disease - Three years ago two researchers rocked the small world of tobacco research by issuing their massive study on the effects of secondhand smoke on nonsmokers.  Their study exonerated passive smoke as a health hazard and exposed anti-tobacco's efforts to prove otherwise a fraud.  Needless to say the two researchers were demonized by the militant anti-smoking brigade. 

Fortunately JE Enstrom and GC Kabat have not been intimated and continue their quest to educate the public and policy makers on the real effects of secondhand smoke.  This time they examine secondhand smoke as it relates to coronary heart disease mortality in the United States.  Their conclusion?

An objective assessment of the available epidemiologic evidence indicates that the association of ETS with CHD (coronary heart disease) death in U.S. never smokers is very weak. Previous assessments appear to have overestimated the strength of the association.


Smokers

January 18 - Still going strong - She has been smoking for 91 years, gave birth to her youngest child at 48 and her mind is still as sharp as a tack.  For her 103 birthday Raymunda Chua Maxino is surrounded by four generations of loving posterity, most of whom have done extremely well in their native Philippines.  Fortunately she doesn't live in California or New York where she would be treated like a criminal because she enjoys a smoke.


January 16, 2006


Fight For Freedom

January 16 - Keeping freedom out - Those who wish to extinguish liberty may, in the short term, snuff out the rights of smokers and the property owners who wish to cater to them.  As of yet, no government can curtail the efforts of those who circumvent unjust laws in the pursuit of their happiness.  That doesn't mean the busybodies won't keep on trying.


Junk Science

January 16 - Defying common sense - Few scientists believed that a study so flawed as the so-called Helena study would ever be taken seriously outside the small circle of anti-tobacco activists who embrace any and all research that comes to conclusions that forward their agenda.  Those legitimate scientists didn't count on the relentlessness of Helena study authors nor the passivity of a media that will not recognize garbage if it was plunged into a trash can.  The Helena, and the later "Pueblo" studies have taken on a life of their own as triggers to impose smoking bans on a population that hasn't asked for such "protection."

Michael Siegel, a longtime and respected advocate for tobacco control, takes apart these studies in a manner understandable to all.  For his adherence to scientific standards he finds himself under attack.

One of the attackers is the well-known anti-tobacco activist Stanton Glantz, himself an author of one of the studies.  As usual the tactic employed is not to address the criticism but to criticize the critic.  Since the easiest, and most cowardly, method of accusing the critic of being a tool of big tobacco won't work with Siegel, Glantz employs subtler rhetoric to cast doubt upon the study doubters.  Glantz doesn't score a hit but rallies his troops in an effort to deflect scrutiny of the glaring problems with the Helena and Pueblo studies.  Siegel's efforts are paying off since the more attention these shoddy studies receive the better for scientific integrity and the truth.


Tobacco Taxes

January 16 - Earmarked revenue - Rebuffed by both the legislature and the citizens of California in his attempt to bring some sort of fiscal order to a spend-happy state, Governor Schwarzenegger is embracing the maxim of "if you can't beat 'em, join 'em."  Last week he proposed a $97-billion general fund budget and a 10-year plan to improve the state's infrastructure at a cost of $222-billion.  The sky is indeed the limit in California despite its bond rating being the lowest of the 50 states.

This story by the San Francisco Chronicle performs a public service by pictorially representing the sources of revenue that enriches the state's general fund.  Of interest is the contribution the state's high cigarette and tobacco taxes make to the general fund.  A glance at the pie chart (text here) the paper provides reveals that alcohol taxes contribute three times as much as do tobacco taxes, but the real story is the figures below the chart.

Over $1-billion of tobacco taxes are collected from California smokers, a group that anti-tobacco says is shrinking to nothingness.  From that huge wad of cash a paltry $118-million is deposited into the general fund,  just over 10 percent of the take.  What happens to the other 90 percent?

Taxpayers will be happy to know that the lion's share of tobacco taxes goes to rich non-profit corporations such as the American Lung Association that uses their windfall to "educate" the public on the dangers of smoking as well as "researchers" such as those who crank out the endless supply of junk science at the University of California - San Francisco.  A large slice accrues to the "for the kids" racketeers set up by Rob Reiner who edify the public by expensive billboard messages advising parents to love their children.  A small fraction of the funds supposedly makes its way into health care but with sloppy auditing being the standard in California it's anyone's guess whether any of the earmarked, non general funds, benefit anybody other than the well-oiled special interests who passed the special tobacco taxes that finance the "special funds."

It's a forgone conclusion that Schwarzenegger's capitulation to the California's culture of irresponsibility and waste will require some sort of tax increase.  A voter approved initiative tacking a new tax of $2.60 per pack onto cigarettes won't help since revenue from this new tax, if it is passed, will be excluded from California's diminishing general fund.  Who will get the money should it pass?  Ask the American Lung Association, the American Cancer Society and the American Heart Association who are enthusiastically on board the tax-hike campaign.


Discrimination

January 16 - Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar - Few pro-freedom folk were surprised when the World Health Organization late last year self-righteously announced it would no longer employ smokers.  What had taken this corrupt group so long in wrapping itself in overt intolerance?  Who, after all, would want to work for WHO anyway?

Michael Siegel, himself a tobacco control advocate, was less flippant and offers here compelling reasons why WHO, and other organizations and companies that are jumping on the job discrimination bandwagon, are not only wrong but downright foolish to assume ownership of people whose lawful conduct off the job offends the perpetually offended.

The intellectual and moral obtuseness of the bigots is on display when one rabidly anti-smoker pressure group publicly endorses WHO's hatefulness.  Like swatting flies Siegel pierces the non sequiturs  and bizarre illogic of an organization that is run by a lawyer whom one would think was adept at hiding the fact that he is a fool.

Pro Choice Smokers Newsletter

January 16 - Latest Edition Out Now - Confusion reigns in Spain as details of a draconian smoking ban remain unclear.....Despite rolling back smoking bans in various Minnesota locations the prohibitionists keep coming back.....The sugar police are let loose on New York City's diabetics.....Ronald Reagan decreed that the taxing power of government should never be used to bring about social change.  The social engineers have the last laugh.....The World Health Organization passes out bogus and perhaps fatal advise on AIDS, malaria, domestic violence and sex education.  Why should it be believed about tobacco?

Catch these stories and much more in this week's edition. 


Business

January 16 - Made in China - The entire world may be smoking Chinese cigarettes if anti-tobacco has its way in destroying the tobacco industries in the Western democracies.  Instead of kowtowing to the toothless World Health Organization and its pharmaceutical partners China, one of the fastest growing economies on earth, is aggressively beefing up production of its state-owned cigarette enterprises.  One can accuse the Red Chinese of many things but stupidity isn't one of them.  Sensing an opportunity as the West demonizes its citizens who smoke and the companies who provide tobacco products, the Chinese will ruthlessly exploit new territory where once Marlboro reigned.


Canada

January 16 - Tobacco News - Warren Klass has a message for his fellow Canadians:  Get off your butts, look at the issues and ask yourself whether the administration in power is worth retaining.  For smokers it should be clear.


Ethics

January 16 - Conning the rubes - Long after his 15 minutes of fame evaporated Jeffrey Wigand, the tobacco company insider who said he brought the industry to its knees, is still taking his road show to the sticks.  Quite a fall from the glory days when his exploits inspired a Hollywood movie.  These days, at taxpayer expense, the seedy self-promoter is boring school children with sermons on the perfidy of the tobacco industry.  How novel!  Mixed in with his solipsistic recitations of derring-do and bravery, Wigand casually passes lies off as facts to his captive audience.

To keep the record straight we delve into Wigand's sordid past:

Investigating lies and truth

Inside dope

Anti hero

January 16 - Purposeful deception - Fresh from its victory in conning the voters of Washington state into approving a smoking ban that "protects all workers" from the supposed hazard of secondhand smoke, a radical anti-smoking pressure group spreads the same message to the residents of New Jersey.  The problem in both states is that the smoking ban specifically exempts the powerful gambling interests that adamantly oppose smoking bans that effect their interests.

By the logic of prohibitionists secondhand smoke is hazardous unless it is inhaled within the confines of a gambling joint.  Most people grasp the contradiction contained within such an equation so anti-tobacco operatives must omit any reference to the thousands of workers whose health is at risk after a smoking ban is imposed.


Straightening Up Eaters

January 16 - Tightening the grasp - The new year finds Michael Bloomberg, New York City's ϋber daddy and hyperactive mayor, forging ahead into new zones of intrusiveness on his quest to shape up the population.  With smoking out of the way, Bloomberg first jumped on the trans-fats junk science crusade sending out letters to food service operators "suggesting" that they clean up their act.  Next on his list is tackling portion sizes in the myriad of eating places that once made the city famous.  Bloomberg envisions the health department teaching restaurateurs how make a healthy meal.  Bring on the tofu, raw veggies and skim milk!

None of this, of course, is the purview proper to government but in Bloomberg's mad, health-obsessed universe individual taste and choice is the problem and government control is the solution.  Unfortunately the suicidal New York hospitality industry, which ineffectively and flaccidly fought the smoking ban, reveals itself as an unwitting stooge for expanding health department power.

Leaders of the state restaurant association - who opposed the smoking ban - have so far supported the health department's dip into nutritional education, but are eyeing it cautiously.

"It's one thing for them to recommend, it's another if they start saying, 'You must do this,'" said Charles Hunt, who heads the association's New York City office.

Someone with an attention span more lengthy than a gnat's should remind Mr. Hunt that banning smoking in restaurants and bars was once "recommended" but, as night follows day, became the law.  There is no compromise with a man who wants to slit your throat.


FORCES INTERNATIONAL (Forces, Inc.) is a non-profit educational corporation organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, USA. Forces, Inc. has received a charitable tax exemption under Internal Revenue Code 501(c)3.  Your contribution is tax deductible.


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